Disc Extrusion
One of the most advanced stages of disc displacement — where the inner gel (nucleus pulposus) breaks completely through the outer ring (annulus fibrosus) and hangs outside the disc, directly pressing on nearby spinal nerves. Earlier and more aggressive treatment is critical at this stage.
Symptoms
Mild to severe pain from the lower back through the buttocks, thigh, calf, and foot
Pain from the neck or upper back into the hands and fingers — one or both sides
Tingling, numbness, burning, or weakness in the legs, feet, hands, or fingers
Increasing pain with lifting and bending, worsening with activity
Pain worsening with prolonged rest, sitting, standing, or walking
Morning stiffness and pain that may increase or ease with movement
Dizziness or vertigo every time you move or change position (cervical involvement)
Headaches that worsen with movement — particularly with cervical extrusion
Reduced bladder or bowel control — a red flag requiring immediate attention
Muscle weakness or imbalance — difficulty walking, climbing stairs, or gripping
Loss of bladder or bowel control with disc extrusion is a medical emergency (cauda equina syndrome). Seek immediate care — permanent paralysis can result if delayed.
